Abortion and Writing Professor Hyde Essay Example for Free

Abortion and Writing Professor Hyde Essay Technical and Business WritingProfessor Hyde The Advantages of Abortion? For many years, abortions have been performed and so has the controversy over abortion. Today, I have decided to write about the advantages of having an abortion. Some may argue that there are no advantages to having an abortion, but that’s what makes this topic such a debatable one. Abortions have been performed since the 1800’s. Not until the infamous decision of Roe v. Wade that abortions became legal medical procedures. It was also the year the United States Supreme Court recognized abortions as part of women’s civil rights. To the average person whether male or female, abortion should be against the law, but I beg to differ. Abortion gives couples the option to choose not to bring babies with severe and life-threatening medical conditions to full term. Aborted fetuses contribute to medical science through stem cell research that cure diseases and re-grow lost or damaged limbs. It’s almost like donating organs of the decease to someone alive in dire need. In cases of rape or incest, forcing a woman who was made pregnant by the violent act would cause further psychological harm to the victim. No child should be born into this world unwanted. Statistics show that unwanted children are raised in a home with no love or supervision. They become adults who commit crime and are sentenced to prison. Another reason women have abortions is they don’t have the financial resources needed to support a child. The majority of the population has Medicaid as health insurance coverage so termination of pregnancy can be free or low cost. If they decide to keep the baby and raise it, the cost to taxpayers could be in the hundreds of thousands of dollars. I chose to title my paper â€Å"The Advantages of Abortions† because your life doesn’t have to stop because you chose to end your pregnancy. Women shouldn’t feel ashamed or embarrassed because they chose a different decision than most. An unplanned pregnancy may be a burden now, but years from now it may become a miracle or joy because you had a chance to grow and mature as a person. Before you can raise a child you need to finish raising yourself first.

Willian Faulkner :: essays research papers

William Cuthbert Faulkner was born on September 25, 1897, in New Albany, Mississippi, the first of four sons born to Murry and Maud Butler Faulkner. He was named after his great-grandfather, William Clark Faulkner, the â€Å"Old Colonel,† who had been killed eight years earlier in a duel with his former business partner in the streets of Ripley, Mississippi. A lawyer, politician, planter, businessman, Civil War colonel, railroad financier, and finally a best-selling writer (of the novel The White Rose of Memphis), the Old Colonel, even in death, loomed as a larger-than-life model of personal and professional success for his male descendants. A few days before William’s fifth birthday, the Faulkner’s moved to Oxford, Mississippi, at the urging of Murry’s father, John Wesley Thompson Faulkner. Called the â€Å"Young Colonel† out of homage to his father rather than to actual military service, the younger Falkner had abruptly decided to sell the railro ad begun by his father. Disappointed that he would not inherit the railroad, Murry took a series of jobs in Oxford, most of them with the help of his father. The elder Faulkner, meanwhile, founded the First National Bank of Oxford in 1910 with $30,000 in capital. William demonstrated artistic talent at a young age, drawing and writing poetry, but around the sixth grade he began to grow increasingly bored with his studies. His earliest literary efforts were romantic, conscientiously modeled on English poets such as Burns, Thomson, Housman, and Swinburne. While still in his youth, he also made the acquaintance of two individuals who would play an important role in his future: a childhood sweetheart, Estelle Oldham, and a literary mentor, Phil Stone. Estelle was a popular, vivacious girl in Oxford with an active social life that included dances and parties. Despite her romance with William, she dated other boys, one of whom was Cornell Franklin, an Ole Miss law student who proposed marriage. She lightheartedly accepted, apparently believing his request insincere since he was going to Hawaii to establish a law practice. When he sent her an engagement ring several months later, however, her parents thought Franklin would be a fine husband for their daughter, and she found herself unable to escape the circumstances. She and Franklin were married in Oxford on April 18, 1918. William’s other close acquaintance from this period arose from their mutual interest in poetry. When Stone read the young poet’s work, he immediately recognized William’s talent and set out to give Faulkner encouragement, advice, and models for study.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using NPV and IRR

The difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows. NPV is used in capital budgeting to analyze the profitability of an investment or project. NPV analysis is sensitive to the reliability of future cash inflows that an investment or project will yield. NPV compares the value of a dollar today to the value of that same dollar in the future, taking inflation and returns into account. If the NPV of a prospective project is positive, it should be accepted. However, if NPV is negative, the project should probably be rejected because cash flows will also be negative.Net present value, or NPV, is one of the calculations business managers use to evaluate capital projects. A capital project is a long-term investment or improvement, such as building a new store. The NPV calculation determines the present value of the project's projected future income. In the calculation, the present value of the project's cost is subtracted from the present value of future income. A positive net present value usually means you should accept or implement the project. Business owners who compare two or more projects tend to favor the one with the higher net present value.ADVANTAGES OF NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV)NPV gives important to the time value of money.In the calculation of NPV, both after cash flow and before cash flow over the life span of the project are considered.  Profitability and risk of the projects are given high priority.NPV helps in maximizing the firm's value.DISADVANTAGES OF NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV)NPV is difficult to use.NPV cannot give accurate decision if the amount of investment of mutually exclusive projects is not equal.It is difficult to calculate the appropriate discount rate.NPV may not give correct decision when the projects are of unequal life.IRR (INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN)Internal rate of return is a discounting cash flow technique which gives a rate of return that is earned by a project. We can define internal rate of return as the discounting rate which makes total of initial cash outlay and discounted cash inflows equal to zero. In other words, it is that discounting rate at which the net present value is equal to zero.IRR is a prominent technique for evaluation of big projects and investment proposals widely used by management of the company, banks, financial institution etc. for their various purposes. The calculation of an IRR is little tricky. It is advantageous in terms of its simplicity and it has certain disadvantages in the form of limitations under certain special conditions.ADVANTAGES OF INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)Perfect Use Of Time Value Of Money TheoryTime value of money means interest and it should high because we are sacrifice of money for specific time. IRR is nothing but shows high interest rate which we expect from our investment. So, we can say, IRR is the perfect use of time value of money theory.All Cash Flows Are Equally ImportantIt is good method of capital budgeting i n which we give equal importance to all the cash flows not earlier or later. We just create its relation with different rate and want to know where is present value of cash inflow is equal to present value of cash outflow.Uniform RankingThere is no base for selecting any particular rate in internal rate of return.Maximum Profitability Of ShareholderIf there is only project which we have to select, if we check its IRR and it is higher than its cut off rate, then it will give maximum profitability to shareholderDISADVANTAGES OF INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)To understand IRR is difficultIt is difficult to understand it because many student cannot understand why are calculating different rate in it and it becomes more difficult when real value of IRR will be two experimental rate because of not equalize present value of cash inflow with present value of cash outflow. Unrealistic Assumptionfor calculating IRR we create one assumption. We think that if we invest out money on this IRR, aft er receiving profit, we can easily reinvest our investments profit on same IRR. It is an unrealistic assumption. 3. Hurdle Rate Not RequiredIn capital budgeting analysis, the hurdle rate, or cost of capital, is the required rate of return at which investors agree to fund a project. It can be a subjective figure and typically ends up as a rough estimate. The IRR method does not require the hurdle rate, mitigating the risk of determining a wrong rate. Once the IRR is calculated, projects can be selected where the IRR exceeds the estimated cost of capital.COMPARISM BETWEEN NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) AND INTRNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR)NPV and IRR methods are useful methods for determining whether to accept a project, both have their advantages and disadvantages.Advantages:With the NPV method, the advantage is that it is a direct measure of the dollar contribution to the stockholders. With the IRR method, the advantage is that it shows the return on the original money invested.Disadvantages:Wi th the NPV method, the disadvantage is that the project size is not measured. With the IRR method, the disadvantage is that, at times, it can give you conflicting answers when compared to NPV for mutually exclusive projects. The ‘multiple IRR problem' can also be an issue, as discussed below.WHY DO NPV AND IRR METHODS PRODUCE CONFLICTING RANKINGS?When a project is an independent project, meaning the decision to invest in a project is independent of any other projects, both the NPV and IRR will always give the same result, either rejecting or accepting a project.While NPV and IRR are useful metrics for analyzing mutually exclusive projects – that is, when the decision must be one project or another – these metrics do not always point you in the same direction. This is a result of the timing of cash flows for each project. In addition, conflicting results may simply occur because of the project sizes.

Contrasting Views of Classical Athens Plato and Pericles Thesis

Abstract Plato proposed that the ultimate form of government was either an oligarchy or kingdom. Pericles held the belief that democracy was the form of government under which prominence grew. Plato was a revered and eventually became well respected teacher in Classical Athens, his way of thinking and his views of a perfect society show him to be somewhat of an idealist more than a realist, as Pericles himself proved to be with his actions and achievements throughout his lifetime.   In Plato’s time, he valued reason above all else, and through thought, he sought to change the way a city state was run and controlled.   Pericles, on the other hand, used his aristocratic background and resources to make lasting improvements on the way of life for the citizens of Athens. Introduction Any discussion about the contrasting views of Pericles and Plato predictably comes down to democracy (Fleck, 2002).   The Athenian society had been profoundly affected by the Wars with the communities at the time disrespecting law and justice. Both men observed that the Peloponnesian war brought about conflict in political leadership as well as human nature. During this period of war, many people were desperate and anxious to gain power and protect themselves against any danger. Athenians had become greedy and power hungry, as they did not care for the common good of the society (Fleck, 2002). Plato and Pericles both addressed these issues by suggesting various ways through which the Athenian society should be governed. While Pericles believed in democracy, Plato believed in the conservative republican form of leadership. The views of both these men differed in all areas of life ranging from government, education, division of labor etc. This paper is an in depth analysis of the views of Plato and Pericles. The paper identifies the contrasting views of Plato and Pericles politically and ideally, highlighting justice, division of labor, liberal policies, education and military training in relation to this. Justice According to Pericles, Justice involves freedom for all irrespective of the social standings or sex. Freedom in this case would include freedom to take part in public life as well as freedom to do what one pleases (Kagan, 1991). In his view, when people have the freedom they desire, they tend to have respect for the law. Contrastingly, Plato believed that justice involved the fulfillment of the different functions in society by different people as conforming to a person’s nature (Taylor, 2001). He believed that justice involved an individual minding his or her own business while staying away from other people’s affairs. He ridiculed Pericles’ beliefs stating that at no point will all men be equal. Plato argued that even nature does not provide any basis for human beings to be equal. He states that all men were created with varying degrees of intelligence capabilities, and most importantly, political connections (Fleck, 2002). Therefore, if the society is to be ru led with utmost justice, then all people should accept what has been fatefully consigned to them so as to serve the society. Division of labor According to Pericles’ rule of democracy Athenians who reject political as well as public life were deemed futile (Kagan, 1991). He argued that all citizens were entitled to taking part in any judgment concerning public and political matters. According to Pericles, the ability to take part in public matters was what democracy was about, and any ordinary citizen irrespective of gender or social standing had the right to this. Plato disputes this notion stating that those people involved in political matters were not on the same level as other ordinary citizens. Most importantly, he argued that not all Athenian citizens would take part in the management of the state of affairs. On the contrary, Plato suggested a society where the divisions of labor and roles are clearly defined among individuals (Taylor, 2001). He argued that it would be unjust if those most suited for certain roles were robbed of these abilities all in the name of democracy (Fleck, 2002). Liberal Policies In line with achieving justice, Pericles supports the idea that for Athens to succeed in its endeavors, it must open doors to its foreigners so as to benefit from the harmony achieved by being one with other states (Kagan, 1991). Pericles argued that through establishing this liberal policy, Athenians would gain support of the other nations hence confidence at the war front. This, therefore, means that the success and victory of Athens as a nation largely depended on the support of other nations. Plato disagreed with this notion arguing that citizens would benefit more when they are self-contained and protected from outside predators. He argued that the outside influences would corrupt the Athenian society by introducing new beliefs to the Athenians that were opposite of their cultures (Fleck, 2002). He goes on to state that the best forms of communism are contained in the less liberal societies who chose to shun any outside influences. Education In terms of education, Pericles believed that historical literature was necessary for the success of the Athenian society. He argued that Athenians would be motivated to do what was right by their state if provided with necessary literature regarding their history (Kagan, 1991). Through these books, the people of Athens would then have courage and be forced into daring actions so as to fight evil. However, Plato disagreed with this notion stating that literature would only lead the Athenians into imitation of what was previously done (Taylor, 2001). He argued that Athenians would lose their sense of reality through this literature since most of these works displayed a sense of viciousness that was opposite of the Athenian culture (Fleck, 2002). Military Training Pericles argued that Athenians, especially the soldiers, need not be trained about the ways of life as they were encouraged to live as they wish. He stated that Athenian soldiers display more courage than their Spartan enemies because their freedom allowed them to understand the differences between destitution and gratification (Kagan, 1991).   However, Plato disputed this idea by arguing that education was necessary so as to obtain a balance between physical training and arts (Taylor, 2001). He states that this balance is good for the soul as it would prevent the Athenian soldiers form being too callous or temperate. He believed that the Athenian troops should be taken through various trials so as to ensure that during war, soldiers maintain the basic knowledge on what was preeminent for the state (Fleck, 2002). Analysis On a closer examination of the contrasting views of these two philosophers, we see that they both sought to bring out the best in the Athenian society. Their conflicting views can be narrowed down to knowledge and the ability to act on the knowledge that each philosopher has been endowed. According to Pericles, knowledge is achieved through public interaction and especially with the citizens of a state (Kagan, 1991).   He states that this interaction is essential for any action to be taken as it helps in understanding the problems that the nation faces. Plato, on the other hand, argues that knowledge is related to the real, to what can be seen in the society (Taylor, 2001). He states that only those who have had the experience concerning certain issues have the knowledge pertaining to the issues and can, therefore, act towards dealing with them. However, we see that Plato’s arguments were just based on the ideals of what should happen (Fleck, 2002). Plato merely offered opti ons to the Athenian political system by providing a constructive criticism to the current rule of the state. Plato, therefore, fails as a philosopher as he lacked the courage to go ahead and act on his beliefs. Pericles, on the other hand, used the knowledge that he had to improve the way of life of the citizens of Athens. He relied on the reality of actual events to make decisions through public discourse of the Athenian populace. Conclusion In any civilized society, neighbors will eventually disagree and are bound to feud at some point.  Ã‚   Wars will inevitably happen; the good in people will show along with the evil.   Plato’s so called â€Å"Utopia† was nothing more than a nonexistent nation that in order to exist would have taken away the very thing that makes us who we are as humans living in a society: reality.   His ideas of controlling the nation’s families, schools, punishments, and peoples’ wages were a great idea, but nothing more than that. References Fleck, Susan J (2002). Plato’s Republic versus Pericles’ Democracy. Retrieved from: http://www.susanfleck.com/Philosophy/557_Plato_Pericles_w2w.htm Kagan, Donald (1991). Pericles of Athens: The Birth of Democracy. New York: The Free Press. Taylor, Alfred Edward (2001). Plato: The Man and his Work. New York: Courier Dover.

The Expansion Of Creativity During The 20th Century

The end of the 20th century introduced our society to a world unknown by many, and dreamt of by revolutionaries. The expansion of creativity has opened a world full of adaptations with communications. From many ideas and creations, the dawn of a new species has been laid upon the elders of our world.Introducing, the Digital Natives. The millennials of today s present, and nearby future. A sophisticated class born into the intelligence and complexity which is foreign to our elders. From the advancement of technology, many positives have arised. Communication between friends and family has advanced. Our residents on this planet are able to communicate more easily. With each positive however, lurks a negative, and a consequence. Cyberbullying has become a huge issue in today s world. Many people avoid in person confrontations/ conversations and would much rather discuss matters in the comforts of their own home. Socialization has expanded, yet in a way that is foreign to many people. Family connections have been influenced positively, but how about with older relatives who lack digital experience and knowledge? The use of social media has expanded our world digitally, but affects in person confrontation in a negative manner. Technology has had a positive impact on today’s world. An example on the positive influence technology has deals with family ties. Family connections are positively influenced with the use of technology. Each family may or may not struggle withShow MoreRelatedThe General Electric ( Ge )1275 Words   |  6 Pagesneeds from where they have operations. This report focuses on the General Electric (GE) which holds substantial assets and with operations in most countries in the world. General Electric (GE) Widely regarded as a leading global corporation in the 20th century with operations in over a hundred and seventy countries and over three hundred thousand workers, General Electric remains an icon in best management practices. With its operations in power, appliances, energy management, aviation, oil gas, andRead MoreWhy Investment Banking Is Like Doing Drugs1556 Words   |  7 Pages It is your job to advise them and help pick the best option. We will go through the history, education, and what kind of traits you need to become an investment banker. Investment banking dates all the way back to early America, during the Civil War to be exact. During the Civil War, Jay Cooke, a Philadelphia financier, established the first modern investment bank. Although this was the first â€Å"official† investment bank, there had been many private banks doing the same jobs. After the civil war theseRead MoreThe Variacoes Ritmicas Op.15 Op.15 Op.15 Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesfor piano and percussion; and Sonà ¢ncias III op. 49, for two pianos. Those pieces confirms Bartà ³k’s influence on Nobre since he also composed a sonata for two piano and percussion, where he explores a variety of popular rhythms from Hungary. â€Å"The 20th century composers who have most influenced me are Debussy, Bartà ³k and Lutoslawski. These composers were capable of innovation in musical language without necessarily breaking with the great tradition.† In the third period of his career (1969-1977), Nobre’sRead MoreThe Current State Of Entrepreneurship1693 Words   |  7 Pagespeople have found new ways to create wealth. From hunter-gatherer societies, humans transitioned into the era of the industrial revolution. During this period, agrarian-based rural societies in Europe and America became predominantly industrial and urban. This resulted in the progression and adoption of new manufacturing processes in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 1940s and 50s, business historians pioneered the study of entrepreneurship. However, their progress was slowed as attention shiftedRead MoreThe Governments Involvement with the Daily Life of American Citizens1495 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, this has not always been the case. Subsequent to western expansion, the government was hesitant to impose regulations upon its citizens, especially in relation to their economic pursuits. Political leaders relied on powerful businessmen’s ’ support for occupational security - so formed the governments, â€Å"unobtrusive† laissez faire policies. Reinforced by laissez faire policies, immigration in the late nineteenth century exacerbated the worst aspects of American capitalism, undermining theRead MoreCirque Du Soleil1660 Words   |  7 PagesQ1. How would you assess the attractiveness of the circus industry in early 1980s? What would you conclude from industry analysis? The Circus has been an extremely popular form of entertainment during the 20th century. The circus creates an image of drifters and dreamers in the mind. In the 20th century the emphasis on spectacle continued on 3 ring formats. The following factors played a major role in the attractiveness of the circus industry:- * Animal acts provided an added form of entertainmentRead MoreWhat Makes A Nation Wealthy? Essay1668 Words   |  7 Pageshow it shaped the social relations. Lastly Robert Heilbroner’s concept of â€Å"drive for capital† will be discussed and how it produces wealth and misery to analyze Sinclair’s insights into the nature of industrial life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In earlier times Gross Domestic Product was one of the main indicators to measure a country’s wealth. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is defined as the total value of all the goods and services produced by a nation in any given year (Is the GrossRead MoreHistorical Trends Of Asia, Latin America, And The Middle East2194 Words   |  9 Pageshistorical changes that have taken place in different regions across the globe. This paper will thus concentrate on the analysis of historical trends of Asia, Latin America and Africa in the last century. Historical change has been facilitated by the changes in relationship and interactions that has allowed creativity to an extend where there has been some heightened level of change through the years as seen by the noticeable changes in the different region as shall be analyzed in this paper. This changesRead MoreSpanish Culture : Spain s Culture1629 Words   |  7 Pagesits influence until the preserved 711 ~ 1400 years. Spanish is Latin an d Arabic influences, while it received a lot of times when. In the middle ages, the Jewish influx amounting to begin another fusion of cultures. The influence of Muslims and Jews during the years 1000 to 1492 recounts the homeland recovery movement was lost from this time in accordance with the Christian forces take control of Spain. This means that this Roman Catholic country, Spain. In addition to the historical relationship toRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture1139 Words   |  5 PagesThe term â€Å"globalization† has been used more frequently in the late 20th century, and along with it is the ongoing development of trade, urbanization and the sharing of knowledge (Wikipedia). The constant rotation of the source of goods, knowledge, new ideas and the explosion of information technology and mass media has brought cultures into contact with each other. As an inevitable consequence, globalization has created an impact on culture, causing changes in three main aspects whic h are traditional

Marketing Case Study - 4206 Words

CASE 4ïš º6 Making Socially Responsible and Ethical Strategic decisions move a company toward its stated goals and perceived success. Strategic decisions also reï ¬â€šect the ï ¬ rm’s social responsibility and the ethical values on which such decisions are made. They reï ¬â€šect what is considered important and what a company wants to achieve. Mark Pastin, writing on the function of ethics in business decisions, observes: There are fundamental principles, or ground rules, by which organizations act. Like the ground rules of individuals, organizational ground rules determine which actions are possible for the organization and what the actions mean. Buried beneath the charts of organizational responsibility, the arcane strategies, the crunched numbers, and†¦show more content†¦The reason is clear: The Third World is an ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION In Gambia, smokers send in cigarette box tops to qualify for a chance to win a new car. In Argentina, smoking commercials ï ¬ ll 20 percent of television advertising time. And in crowded African cities, billboards that link smoking to the good life tower above the sweltering shantytowns. Such things as baby clothes with cigarette logos, health warnings printed in foreign languages, and tobaccosponsored contests for children are often featured in tobacco ads in Third World countries. Latin American tobacco consumption rose by more than 24 percent over a ten-year period. Critics claim that sophisticated promotions in unsophisticated societies entice people who cannot afford the necessities of life to spend money on a luxury—and a dangerous one at that. The sophistication theme runs throughout the smoking ads. In Kinshasa, Zaire, billboards depict a man in a business suit stepping out of a black Mercedes as a chauffeur holds the door. In Nigeria, promotions for Graduate brand c igarettes show a university student in his cap and gown. Those for Gold Leaf cigarettes have a barrister in a white wig and the slogan, â€Å"A very important cigarette for very important people.† In Kenya, a magazine ad for Embassy cigarettesShow MoreRelatedMarketing Research Case Study Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Research Case Study: Sperry/MacLennan Architects and Planners Introduction Marketing Research can be designed for many scenarios. It is often referenced in existing companies to understand how clients purchase their product, competition or how to best communicate with the audience. This type of research is also necessary in a successful world-wide expansion as it provides a company with a blue print of how to grow. This paper will examine a global expansion case study and how to performRead MoreCase Study for Trap Ease America (Marketing)967 Words   |  4 Pages   Case  Study:  Trap ­Ease  America         1.   Trap ­Ã‚  Ease  only  has  a  once ­in ­a ­lifetime  opportunity  because  the  investors  see  that  this   product  has  big  potential  since  the  idea  is  great.  The  investors  saw  the  product  and  automatically   saw  that  people  would  buy  it  since  it  is  such  an  easy  and  clean  solution  to  something  associat ed   with  messy  and  violent.  Ã‚  The  information  needed  to  evaluate  the  opportunity  is  the  study  of  the   market,  competitors,  and  other  products.  Also,  the  awards  and  buzz  surrounding  the  Trap ­Ease  Read MoreMarketing Case Study1338 Words   |  6 PagesStrategic Marketing Case Study New Directions Plc. Introduction: The case is based on the growth and decline of a high street fashion chain founded in the late 1950 s having a extensive distribution network (490stores) within Britain. It refers to the developments changes taken place during a period of 13years where the company has gone through an acquisition and change of Management after 9years of explosive growth within the industry. Whereas it is understandable that the Company shouldRead MoreMarketing Case Study9790 Words   |  40 Pagesï » ¿Case 1-1 Discussion Questions 1. Anheuser-Busch, which has been described as â€Å"an American icon,† is now under the ownership of a company based in Belgium.. Responding to reports that some consumers planned to boycott Bud products to protest the deal, one industry observer said, â€Å"Brand nationality is all about where it was born, and also the ingredients of that beer and how they make the beer: Basically, it doesn’t matter who owns it. We are in a global world right now†. Do you agree? StudentsRead MoreMarketing Case Study670 Words   |  3 PagesRaphael Betelli Procter Gamble case Question 1 3 As a market leader in so many categories, PG faces many challenges and risks linked to the current market. †¢ â€Å"Very often the categories in which it operates are growing slowly, if at all, leaving market share gains as the main means of increasing revenues. That is a challenge, since the company competes with large and equally well-financed companies. Losing market share may be a greater risk than not gaining market share, since just maintainingRead MoreMarketing Case Studies1084 Words   |  5 PagesText: Marketing Managment Chapter 4: Conducting Marketing Research Topic: Market Research; Measuring Market Productivity; Return on Investment Learning Objectives: 1. What constitutes good marketing research? 2. What are the best metrics for measuring marketing productivity? 3. How can marketers assess their return on investment of marketing expenditures? Video Title: Dunkin’ Donuts Link: http://windowsmedia.pearsoncmg.com/ph/bp/bp_video_library/dunkin.wvx Synopsis ThisRead MoreMarketing Case Study7891 Words   |  32 PagesChapter 22: Managing a Holistic Marketing Organization GENERAL CONCEPT QUESTIONS Multiple Choice 1. ________ is the appointment of teams to manage customer-value–building processes and break down walls between departments. a. Reengineering b. Outsourcing c. Benchmarking d. Supplier partnering e. Customer Partnering Answer: a Page: 696 Level of difficulty: Easy 2. ________ is the greater willingness to buy more goods and services from outsideRead Morecase study in marketing1756 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Case Study – Corporate Social Responsibility –  AMWAY Posted on  Thursday, January 17, 2008 by  BullsEye      Rate This By the end of your reading, you should be able to answer the following questions: 1. What do you understand by the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)? 2. Explain two actions that Amway and its IBOs are currently taking that involve CSR. 3. Analyse the key ingredients in Amway’s CSR strategy. Show how the strategy is designed to translate the vision into practical stepsRead MoreMarketing Effectiveness Case Study1730 Words   |  7 PagesPlan measurement of marketing effectiveness Assessment Task 2: Case study Part A: Identify and analyse measurement of marketing effectiveness: 1. Summarise the above case study to determine the organisational business requirements and campaign’s benefits. Organisational business requirements: - The organisation s vision, goals, objectives and priorities: The organisation vision must be clear and easy to understand to all personnel so that it is easy to understand to every one working in theRead MoreThe Birth of Swatch Case Analysis1595 Words   |  7 PagesToday we will present you the analysis of the case  «The birth of swatch ». First we willl give you the information about the background of the problem, then we will define the problem of the case and finally we will present you our recommendations. So, let’s start with the background. In the 1940s the Swiss dominated the watch industry in large part because of their centuries-long history of jewelry-making expertise. Watchmaking was a source of national pride, and the â€Å"Made in Switzerland† label

Description and Analysis of the Spoken Interaction Free Samples

Question: How to Description and Analysis of the Spoken Interaction? Answer: Introducation: This report involves a reflection on two instances of successful and less successful communication in an academic context. Both these instances took place as part of my second-year Communications degree on the subject of Academic English. One instance has been related to verbal communication and the other instance has also been related to spoken/verbal communication. The context of the first interaction The first instance involved a case of successful communication in week 4 of the course, reflecting on our academic writing process. The activity consisted of discussing the multiple choice questions provided in a group of four people, and answering them as part of a group discussion activity. Description and analysis of the spoken interaction Successful communication in an academic context is being able to produce coherent language, and being able to communicate effectively with others through the proper use of verbal and non-verbal cues. A successful communication in an academic context is an elaboration on the process of transmission and understanding of the intended message and in a successful communication in an academic context common perception is created and changing behaviours are observed in order to gain information. At the start of the discussion, one of my fellow students suggested to take turns around the table clockwise to answer the questions. We used eye contact to signal who would be talking next, and at the end of the discussion we all recapitulated each of our points. In the course of the discussion both verbal and non-verbal cues were explored and analysed and this provided us with the opportunity to continue with the discussion topic effectively. Hence, considering the presence of elements like turn taking, eye contact, etc it must be said that the discussion should be linked to Bygates (1987) framework of agenda management, turn taking and routines. This also links to the principle in academic communication as proposed by England (2017). It was the presence of the aforesaid communication elements which rendered the discussion success and eventually made the participants understand the need of amalgamating verbal and non-verbal cues in a communication process to make the same effective. The context of the second interaction The second instance involved a case of less successful communication in week 11 of the course. The communication took place in an academic context. This group activity consisted of sharing our experiences in terms of successes and challenges of academic speaking in different situations. Our group consisted of five members. Description and analysis of the spoken interaction Unsuccessful communication in an academic context is considered to be a process that has been affected by certain barriers. In an unsuccessful communication often the language becomes the primary barrier, making it quite difficult for the speaker and the audience to understand each others actual needs. Apart from language barrier there are several other barriers that need to be evaluated and wiped out in order to make a communication successful in an academic context. As discussion time started, a fellow student and myself synchronously started talking, which abruptly stopped the flow of the discussion. As we pick up our conversation again, another fellow student was unsure of what my answer meant, therefore asked, what do you mean? My incapability of explaining my experience made me feel vulnerable and useless. This feeling of fruitlessness should be related to Bygates framework of turn taking and negotiation. What I have realized as the cause of the communication failure in the given context was that, I was unable to keep my patience in terms of understanding the value of turn taking and in terms of negotiation. I should have given others the chance to discuss but I did not, and this hampered the entire discussion process. Moreover, as England (2017) has suggested, a fruitful communication process relies largely on effective interaction, and it was my failure to interact effectively which put me under distress and dissatisfaction. Moreover, what I have learned from the failure is that; I failed to interact and communicate properly primarily because I did fail to negotiate. As I failed to negotiate, I did fail to negotiate the meaning of the content I was supposed to convey. In this respect I must mention the principle that Bygate (1987) has highlighted. By negotiation of meaning, Bygate (1987) referred to the skill of communicating ideas clearly. This includes the way participants signal understanding during an exchange, and is an aspect of spoken interaction with contrasts most sharply with the position of the reader and writer of the written record. Even though the scenario was speaking-oriented, I did fail to communicate my ideas clearly to the other participants and that was the reason why I did fail to negotiate the meaning of my conversation. Hence, I must say that the incident was linked to Bygates (1987) framework of turn taking and negotiation of meaning and to the principles of academic communication as prescribed by England (2017). Suggestions for more successful communication Suggestions for better turn taking Write what would you actually say Signalling you want a turn, recognizing the others want a turn, or letting someone else have a turn. Use eye-contact Can I please say something here? I agree. I also do want to mention this Suggestions for better negotiation of meaning Procedures for ensuring understanding Other fellow student could have said Could I clarify something? / Can I check Ive understood you? Discipline-Specific Variation It is noteworthy that communication is also subject-oriented and in the academic context there are two aspects which determine the efficacy of a communication process, viz., the nature of the content of the communication process and the nature of the activities related to the communication process. The nature of the content, as England (2017) has suggested, deserves special mention in the context of successful and effective academic communication. What I have observed is that; in different academic subjects, depending on the contents of the subject the entire process of turn taking or negotiating either change continuously or sustain stagnancy. For an instance, in the context of English communication (including speaking and writing) the speaker or the writer has to consider the needs of the audience apart from analysing the content of the speech. But this might not be the case in respect of making students understand the real importance of the concept of sovereignty. In this respect it must be noted that the political concept of sovereignty demands understanding and not interaction, and that is one reason why the communication mode for conveying the importance of the concept of sovereignty should be different than the communication mode meant for enhancing students English communication skills. In terms of the nature of activities concerned with spoken interactions in different academic subjects what I have observed is that the related activities are determinant of whether or not a communication process is going to be successful. In this respect one must note that, In spoken interaction, speaker and listener do not merely have to be good processors of the spoken work, able to produce coherent language in the difficult circumstances of spoken communication. It is also useful if they are good communicators, that is, good at saying what they want to say in a way which the listener finds understandable (Bygate,1987). This proves the importance of activities in a particular communication process. Moreover, in terms of activities, it can be interesting to note that the activities that must be applied by a teacher in teaching the importance of sovereignty to the students should vary and differ from the activities that usually a teacher of communicative English embrace in respect o f teaching students effective ways of communicating. In this respect the concept of routine, as outlined and emphasized by Bygate (1987), comes to play a significant and crucial role. In terms of teaching political science or international relations a teacher might adhere to routines which can be defined as conventional ways of presenting information (Bygate,). But this might not be the case with a communicative English teacher who has to make the students understand that the context and mode of communication is both relative and situational. Hence, in terms of teaching communicative English it is not always possible to stick to routines. The nature of the content The nature of the activities The similarities I have observed in the spoken interaction in this subject compared with The differences I have observed in the spoken interaction in this subject compared with References England, N. 2017, 'Principles of academic communication', UTS Subject Academic English: Communication Fundamentals, Week 1 lecture notes, UTS, Sydney. Bygate, M. 1987, Speaking, Oxford University Press, Oxford.